Diversité et activité journalière des vecteurs mécaniques de la trypanosomose animale africaine près de la rivière Vina, Région de l’Adamaoua-Cameroun
Mots-clés :
Piège, stomoxes, tabanidés, VinaRésumé
La trypanosomose est un problème de santé animale dans le plateau de l’Adamaoua qui cause de nombreuses pertes au niveau des cheptels dans cette localité du Cameroun. Plusieurs études ont été menées sur les vecteurs à proximité des bovins et ont permis d’élaborer des stratégies de lutte antivectorielle mais la maladie persiste. Il importe de poursuivre des études sur l’abondance et la diversité des vecteurs mécaniques responsables de cette parasitose. Dans cette optique, une étude entomologique a été menée dans la Vina en utilisant les pièges Nzi, Vavoua et Biconique. Ces méthodes de capture combinées ont permis de collecter 1830 spécimens de vecteurs mécaniques dont 10,00% de tabanidés et 90,00% de stomoxes. L’identification spécifique a révélé 15 espèces de mouches hématophages (10 Tabanidae et 5 Muscidae). Chez les Tabanidae, le genre Tabanus (57,92%) a été le plus abondant, suivi du genre Chrysops (29,51%). Les genres Ancala (9,29%), Haematopota (2,18%) et Atylotus (1,10%) ont été faiblement représentés. Les Muscidae n’ont été représentés dans cette étude que par le genre Stomoxys. Les Tabanidae collectés au cours de cette étude étaient par ordre d’importance numérique Tabanus taeniola (36,61%), Chrysops distinctipennis (28,41%), Tabanus par (16,39%), Ancala fasciata (9,29%), Tabanus ricardae (3,28%), Haematopata decora (2,18%), Chrysops longicornis (1,09%), Atylotus agrestis (1,09%), Tabanus fasciatus (1,09%) et Tabanus gratus (0,55%). Pour ce qui est du genre Stomoxys, 5 espèces et sous-espèces ont été identifiées. Il s’agit de Stomoxys niger niger (62,90%), Stomoxys calcitrans (21,19%), Stomoxys niger bilineatus (13,84%), Stomoxys omega (1,46%) et Stomoxys xanthomelas (0,61%).
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(c) Tous droits réservés Journal of Experimental and Ammplied Tropical Biology 2023
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
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